Staging of prostate cancer; Results of Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group project: Comparison of three magnetic resonance imaging techniques

PURPOSE: To assess accuracy of three different magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques, including the endorectal coil, in staging prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR imaging was performed in 213 patients with prostate cancer with a conventional body coil, with fat suppression and a body coil, and with an endorectal coil. Radiologists identified tumor invasion into periprostatic tissues, neurovascular bundles, and seminal vesicles. Each technique was evaluated separately, and in a subset of 74 patients the three techniques were evaluated together. Images obtained with the two body-coil techniques were read in combination with images obtained with the endorectal coil (combination A) and alone (combination B). RESULTS: Overall accuracy for conventional body-coil, fat-suppressed body-coil, and endorectal-coil MR was 61%, 64%, and 54%, respectively. Overall group accuracy for combinations A and B was 57% and 61%. Considerable interreader variability was found for combination A. CONCLUSION: No technique was highly accurate for staging early prostate cancer. Individual radiologists did achieve a high degree of staging accuracy with the endorectal-coil and body-coil combination. (July 1994)